Parliament was in no mood to favour royal encroachments, and the citizens of London were at hand, with their trained bands, to protect forcibly members of the House of Commons.
War was now imminent.

"The attempt to seize the five members was undoubtedly the real cause of the war.

From that moment, the loyal confidence with which most of the popular party were beginning to regard the King was turned into hatred and suspicion.

From that moment, the Parliament was compelled to surround itself with defensive arms.

From that moment, the city assumed the appearance of a garrison.
"The transaction was illegal from beginning to end.