Archbishop Laud lay in prison, to be executed four years later.

The Grand Remonstrance of the House of Commons was presented to Charles in December, 1641.

The demands of the Commons in the Remonstrance were not revolutionary, but they stated, quite frankly, the case for the Parliament.

The main points were the need for securities for the administration of justice, and an insistence on the responsibility of the King's Ministers to the Houses of Parliament.

The Grand Remonstrance was only carried by eleven votes in the House of Commons, 159 to 148, after wild scenes.