John Lord Bellasyse took the same view of the state of affairs.

In his youth he had fought gallantly for Charles the First, had been rewarded after the Restoration with high honours and commands, and had quitted them when the Test Act was passed.

With these distinguished leaders all the noblest and most opulent members of their church concurred, except Lord Arundell of Wardour, an old man fast sinking into second childhood.
But there was at the court a small knot of Roman Catholics whose hearts had been ulcerated by old injuries, whose heads had been turned by recent elevation, who were impatient to climb to the highest honours of the state, and who, having little to lose, were not troubled by thoughts of the day of reckoning.

One of these was Roger Palmer, Earl of Castelmaine in Ireland, and husband of the Duchess of Cleveland.

His title had notoriously been purchased by his wife's dishonour and his own.