CHAPTER XIII.
Dr.Livingstone's further explorations--Effects of slave-trade--Kirk's range--Ajawa migration--Native fishermen--Arab slave-crossing--Splendid highlands.
The Murchison Cataracts of the Shire river begin in 15 degrees 20 minutes S., and end in lat.

15 degrees 55 minutes S., the difference of latitude is therefore 35 minutes.

The river runs in this space nearly north and south, till we pass Malango; so the entire distance is under 40 miles.
The principal Cataracts are five in number, and are called Pamofunda or Pamozima, Morewa, Panoreba or Tedzane, Pampatamanga, and Papekira.
Besides these, three or four smaller ones might be mentioned; as, for instance, Mamvira, where in our ascent we first met the broken water, and heard that gushing sound which, from the interminable windings of some 200 miles of river below, we had come to believe the tranquil Shire could never make.

While these lesser cataracts descend at an angle of scarcely 20 degrees, the greater fall 100 feet in 100 yards, at an angle of about 45 degrees, and one at an angle of 70 degrees.

One part of Pamozima is perpendicular, and, when the river is in flood, causes a cloud of vapour to ascend, which, in our journey to Lake Shirwa, we saw at a distance of at least eight miles.