The private had only threepence a day.

One half only of this pittance was ever given him in money; and that half was often in arrear.

But a far more seductive bait than his miserable stipend was the prospect of boundless license.

If the government allowed him less than sufficed for his wants, it was not extreme to mark the means by which he supplied the deficiency.

Though four fifths of the population of Ireland were Celtic and Roman Catholic, more than four fifths of the property of Ireland belonged to the Protestant Englishry.